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''The Simpleton'' (Тюфя′к, ''Tyufyak'' - also: ''The Muff'') is the debut novel by Alexei Pisemsky, written in the late 1840 and first published in 1850 by ''Moskvityanin''. The novel has brought its author critical acclaim and popularity.〔Eremin, M.P. The Works by A.F. Pisemsky in 3 volumes. Vol. 1. Khudozhestvennaya Literatura Publishers. Moscow-Leningrad, 1956. Commentaries to The Simpleton. Pp.536-539〕 ==Background== In his autobiography Pisemsky wrote: "In 1846 I completed a large novel called ''Boyarschina''. In 1847 I sent it to ''Otechestvennye Zapiski'' and it was banned by the censors. By this time, while in the country, I've written another novel, ''Tyufyak'', but, defeated already in my aspirations, decided against sending it (the publishers ) and resumed my state service." Here Pisemsky has got the date wrong: ''Boyarshina'' was sent to ''OZ'' in 1848 and, as the Soviet scholar M.P.Eremin noted, "there are reasons to believe that ''The Simpleton'' rough copy was ready in 1848, too."〔 In the Stellovsky Publishers's (Saint Petersburg, 1861) edition the novel came out as dated "29 April 1850". On April 21, the author wrote to Alexander Ostrovsky: "I send you, my dear Alexander Nikolayevich, my book for you to decide what to do with it. I gave it the title "The Family Dramas" (Семейные драмы), but should it appear to be incompatible either with the censorial demands or the magazine's general mood, please change it to whatever you like: "Bashmetyev", "The Muff", whatever. I send you only the first part of it, but rest assured, the second one is ready, just needs some polishing done."〔A.F.Pisemsky's Letters. Moscow-Leningrad. Khudozhestvennaya Literatura. 1936, pp.27-28.〕 Pisemsky was working upon the second part through the summer of 1850. He formulated the novel's general idea in his April 21 letter to Ostrovsky: ''The Simpleton'' passed the censorship without trouble. On 4 September Mikhail Pogodin received the rest of the manuscript and the magazine published the novel in its October and November 1850 issues.〔Barsukov, Nikolai. The Life and Works by M.P.Pogodin. Vol. XI, р.89.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Simpleton」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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